ÏÔÖøÐÔ¹ËÃû˼Òå¼´ÏÔ¶øÒ×¼û¡£Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÆðÔ´ÓÚ·ûºÅ£¬Óë·ûºÅ¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ¹²ÐÔ£¬¼´Çø±ðÐԵıê¼Ç×÷Óᣵ«Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÓÖ²»Í¬ÓÚ·ûºÅ£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÒ»¶¨ÒªÓë²úÆ·»ò·þÎñÏà½áºÏ£¬Æðµ½Ê¶±ðÃ×À¼ÌåÓý»ò·þÎñÀ´Ô´µÄ×÷Óá£ÏÔÖøÐÔ²»ÊÇÎÒ¹ú¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·ÉϵÄÊõÓÔÚ¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·ÉϲÉÓõıíÊöÊÇ¡°ÏÔÖøÌØÕ÷¡±£¬Èç¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·µÚ¾ÅÌõ¹æ¶¨£¬¡°ÉêÇë×¢²áµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬Ó¦µ±¾ßÓÐÏÔÖøÌØÕ÷£¬±ãÓÚʶ±ð£¬²¢²»µÃÓëËûÈËÔÚÏÈÈ¡µÃµÄºÏ·¨È¨ÀûÏà³åÍ»¡±£»µÚʮһÌõ¹æ¶¨£¬¡°ÏÂÁбêÖ¾²»µÃ×÷ΪÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²á£º¡¡£¨Èý£©ÆäËûȱ·¦ÏÔÖøÌØÕ÷µÄ¡£Ç°¿îËùÁбêÖ¾¾¹ýʹÓÃÈ¡µÃÏÔÖøÌØÕ÷£¬²¢±ãÓÚʶ±ðµÄ£¬¿ÉÒÔ×÷ΪÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²á¡±¡£ÏÔÖøÐԵıíÊöÖ÷ÒªÀ´Ô´ÓÚ×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨ÔºµÄÏà¹ØË¾·¨½âÊÍÖС£ÏÔÖøÐÔÖ÷ÒªÓÉʶ±ðÐÔÓëÇø±ðÐÔ¹¹³É£¬¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·µÚ¾ÅÌõµÄ¡°²¢±ãÓÚʶ±ðµÄ¡±¼´¶ÔÓ¦µÄÊÇʶ±ðÐÔ£»Æä¡°²¢²»µÃÓëËûÈËÔÚÏÈÈ¡µÃµÄºÏ·¨È¨ÀûÏà³åÍ»¡±ÔòÌåÏÖµÄÊÇÇø±ðÐÔ¡£
²»¹ÜÊÇ´¦ÓÚ³õ´´ÆÚ»¹ÊdzÉÊìÆÚµÄÆóÒµ£¬ÔÚÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÃüÃûÖж¼Ï£ÍûÈ¡¸öºÃµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÃû³Æ¡£ÈçºÎ²ÅÊǺõÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÃû³ÆÄØ£¿ÖÚ˵·×ç¡£¬Óеij«µ¼ºÃ¼ÇÒ䣻Óеij«µ¼ÀÊÀÊÉϿڣ»Óеij«µ¼º¬Òå»ý¼«ÏòÉϵȵȡ£Ã×À¼ÌåÓýµÄ×¢²á±£»¤ÖÕÆäÄ¿µÄÊÇ×ßÏòÆ·ÅÆ»¯¡£´ÓÆ·ÅÆ½¨ÉèµÄ½Ç¶È£¬±ÊÕߵĹ۵ãÊÇ£¬ºÃµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÃû³ÆÒ»¶¨Òª¾ßÓÐÏÔÖøÐÔ¡£
Ò»¡¢ÏÔÖøÐÔÈÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¸üºÃ¼ÇÒä
Ã×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÃû³Æ·ÖΪ¹ÌÓдÊÓë´´Òâ´Ê£¬¹ÌÓдÊÓУº¡°°×ÔÆ¡±¡°¸ßɽ¡±¡°Á÷Ë®¡±¡°³¤³Ç¡±µÈ£»´´Òâ´ÊÓС°ÈýÖ»ËÉÊ󡱡°ÂìÒϰá¼Ò¡±¡°Èý¸öÅ©Ãñ¡±¡°¸ñÁÖºÀÌ©¡±µÈ¡£ÏÔÖøÐÔÇ¿µÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¸üÈÝÒ×ÈÃÏû·ÑÕßÓëÆä¶ÔÓ¦µÄÆ·ÅÆ²úÆ·»ò·þÎñ²úÉúÁªÏµ£¬±ÈÈç˵µ½¡°¸ñÁÖºÀÌ©¡±¾Í»áÏëµ½¿ì½Ý±ö¹Ý£»·´Ö®£¬Ëµµ½¿Õµ÷£¬¾ÍÈÝÒ×Ïëµ½¡°¸ñÁ¦¡±¡£
¶þ¡¢ÏÔÖøÐÔÈÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¸üÒ×»ñ×¼×¢²á
ÏÔÖøÐÔ´ÓÔʼȡµÃÓëʹÓÃÈ¡µÃµÄ½Ç¶È·ÖΪ¹ÌÓÐÏÔÖøÐÔÓëʹÓòúÉúÏÔÖøÐÔ¡£¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·µÚʮһÌõÃ÷È·ÁËȱ·¦ÏÔÖøÌØÕ÷µÄÃû³Æ²»¿É×÷ΪÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇë×¢²á¡£ÀýÈ磬¡°·¼Ï㡱ÓÃÓÚ»¤·ôÓÃÆ·ÉÏ£¬¡°ÏãÅçÅ硱ÓÃÓÚ´óÃ×ÉÏ£¬¹ú¼Ò֪ʶ²úȨ¾Öͨ³£»áÒÔȱ·¦ÏÔÖøÐÔΪÓÉÓèÒÔ²µ»Ø£¬²»Óè×¢²á¡£µ«¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·µÚʮһÌõÓֹ涨ÁËʹÓòúÉúÏÔÖøÌØÕ÷£¬²¢±ãÓÚʶ±ðµÄ£¬¿ÉÒÔ×÷ΪÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²á¡£ÔÚʵ¼ùÖУ¬Èç¹Å¾®¹±¾ÆµÄ¡°Äê·ÝÔ½¬¡±£¬Í¨¹ý´óÁ¿Ê¹ÓòúÉúÁËÏÔÖøÐÔ£¬Ïëµ½¡°¹Å¾®¹±¾Æ¡±¾ÍÏëµ½¡°Äê·ÝÔ½¬¡±£»·´Ö®£¬Ïëµ½¡°Äê·ÝÔ½¬¡±¾ÍÏëµ½¡°¹Å¾®¹±¾Æ¡±¡£Í¨¹ýʹÓòúÉúÏÔÖøÐÔ£¬´Ó¶ø»ñµÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²á±£»¤ÊǼþ²»ÈÝÒ×µÄÊ¡£±ÊÕß½¨Ò飬ȡÃûµÄʱºò£¬Ó¦´ÓÏÔÖøÐԵĽǶȶ࿼ÂÇ£¬±ÜÃâºóÆÚ×¢²á¹ý³ÌÖеġ°Ç§ÐÁÍò¿à¡±¡£ÏÔÖøÐÔÈõµÄÃû³Æ»¹ÃæÁÙÏàͬ»ò½üËÆµÄÎÊÌâ¶øÄÑÒÔ×¢²á¡£ÎÒ¹ú×Ô1979Äê»Ö¸´Ã×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÒÔÀ´£¬Ä¿Ç°ÓÐЧÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÒѽӽü5000Íò¼þ¡£¶øºº×Ö×ÊÔ´ÓÐÏÞ£¬³ýȥһЩ±áÒå×Ö¡¢·±Ìå×Ö¡¢ÈÆ¿Ú×ÖÒÔ¼°ÄÑд¡¢ÄѼǡ¢ÄÑÈϵÄ×ÖÖ®Í⣬º¬ÒåºÃµÄºº×ÖºÜÉÙ£¬ÅÅÁÐ×éºÏÓëÔÚÏÈÉêÇë»ò×¢²áµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý²»µÃÏàͬҲ²»µÃ½üËÆ£¬ËùÒÔ´óÖÚ»¯¡¢ÏÔÖøÐÔ²»¹»Ç¿µÄÃû³Æ¾ÍºÜÄÑ×¢²áÁË¡£
Èý¡¢ÏÔÖøÐÔÈÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¸üºÃ±»±£»¤
Ã×À¼ÌåÓý»ñ×¼×¢²áºó£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓýȨÈËÒª¼Ó´ó±£»¤Á¦¶È¡£Ö»ÓÐͨ¹ý²»¶ÏµØÊ¹ÓÃÓë±£»¤²ÅÄÜÐÎ³ÉÆ·ÅÆ¡£±ÈÈ磬µ±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý±»Ä¡·Âʱ£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓýȨÈËÐ輰ʱÌá³öÒìÒé»òÉêÇëÎÞЧÐû¸æ£¬×èÖ¹ËûÈË¡°´î±ã³µ¡±µÄÐÐΪ¡£ÔÚÒìÒéÓëÎÞЧÐû¸æÖÐÀë²»¿ª¶Ô¶þÕßÃ×À¼ÌåÓý½üËÆµÄÅж¨£¬Êµ¼ÊÉϾÍÊǶÔÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÇø±ðÐÔµÄÅж¨¡£Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÇø±ðÐÔµÄÅж¨Ê×ÏÈÒª¿¼ÂǵľÍÊÇÏÔÖøÐÔ¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÏÔÖøÐÔÊÇÃ×À¼ÌåÓý½üËÆÅж¨µÄÖØÒª²Î¿¼Ö®Ò»¡£¶ÔÓÚÃ×À¼ÌåÓýȷȨ°¸¼þ£¬¡¶×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨Ôº¹ØÓÚÉóÀíÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÊÚȨȷȨÐÐÕþ°¸¼þÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâµÄÒâ¼û¡·µÚ16Ìõ¹æ¶¨£¬ÈËÃñ·¨ÔºÈ϶¨Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÊÇ·ñ½üËÆ£¬¼ÈÒª¿¼ÂÇÃ×À¼ÌåÓý±êÖ¾¹¹³ÉÒªËØ¼°ÆäÕûÌåµÄ½üËÆ³Ì¶È£¬Ò²Òª¿¼ÂÇÏà¹ØÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔ¡£¶ÔÇÖ·¸Ã×À¼ÌåÓýרÓÃȨ°¸¼þ£¬¡¶×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨Ôº¹ØÓÚÉóÀíÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÃñʾÀ·×°¸¼þÊÊÓ÷¨ÂÉÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâµÄ½âÊÍ¡·µÚÊ®ÌõÃ÷È·¹æ¶¨£¬ÅжÏÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÊÇ·ñ½üËÆ£¬Ó¦µ±¿¼ÂÇÇëÇó±£»¤×¢²áÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔºÍÖªÃû¶È¡£´ÓÆóÒµÃû³ÆÈ¨ÓëÃ×À¼ÌåÓýȨ³åÍ»µÄ±£»¤½Ç¶È£¬Ò࿼ÂÇÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔ¡£¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·µÚÎåÊ®°ËÌõ¹æ¶¨£¬¡°½«ËûÈË×¢²áÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¡¢Î´×¢²áµÄ³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×÷ΪÆóÒµÃû³ÆÖеÄ×ÖºÅʹÓã¬Îóµ¼¹«ÖÚ£¬¹¹³É²»Õýµ±¾ºÕùÐÐΪµÄ£¬ÒÀÕÕ¡¶ÖлªÈËÃñ¹²ºÍ¹ú·´²»Õýµ±¾ºÕù·¨¡·´¦Àí¡±¡£ÀýÈ磬¡°ÃÀ¶û¿ÌØ¡±ÏµÊ¹ÓÃÔÚ³ø·¿¼¯³Éµõ¶¥²úÆ·ÉϵÄ×¢²áÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬ÔøÓÐÈË×¢²áÁË¡°ºÏ·ÊÃÀ¶û¿ÌسøÎÀ¿Æ¼¼ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾¡±£¬½«¡°ÃÀ¶û¿ÌØ¡±×÷ΪÆäÆóÒµÃû³ÆÖеÄ×ÖºÅʹÓ᣷¨ÔºÈ϶¨£¬¡°ÃÀ¶û¿ÌØ¡±ÎÄ×Ö×éºÏ±¾Éí²¢²»ÊǹÌÓдʻ㣬ÏÔÖøÐÔÏà¶Ô½ÏÇ¿¡£ºÏ·ÊÃÀ¶û¿ÌØÔÚ³ÉÁ¢Ö®Ê±£¬¾ÍµÇ¼ÇʹÓú¬ÓС°ÃÀ¶û¿ÌØ¡±×ÖÑùµÄÆóÒµÃû³Æ£¬½«¡°ÃÀ¶û¿ÌØ¡±×÷ΪÆäÆóÒµÖеÄ×ÖºÅʹÓõÄÐÐΪ¾ßÓÐÃ÷ÏÔµÄÅʸ½¹ÊÒâ¡£×îºó·¨ÔºÅоö£¬±»¸æÁ¢¼´ÔÚÆäÆóÒµÃû³ÆÖÐֹͣʹÓá°ÃÀ¶û¿ÌØ¡±×ÖÑùµÄÎÄ×Ö²¢Åâ³¥Ô¸æµÄ¾¼ÃËðʧ¡£¸Ã°¸³ä·ÖÌåÏÖÁ˶ԽÏÇ¿ÏÔÖøÐÔÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÇ¿±£»¤¡£
ËÄ¡¢ÏÔÖøÐÔÈÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¸üÀû»ñ³ÛÃûÈ϶¨
¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·µÚÊ®ÈýÌõ¹æ¶¨£º¡°ÎªÏà¹Ø¹«ÖÚËùÊìÖªµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬³ÖÓÐÈËÈÏΪÆäȨÀûÊܵ½ÇÖº¦Ê±£¬¿ÉÒÔÒÀÕÕ±¾·¨¹æ¶¨ÇëÇó³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓý±£»¤¡£¾ÍÏàͬ»òÕßÀàËÆÉÌÆ·ÉêÇë×¢²áµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÊǸ´ÖÆ¡¢Ä¡·Â»òÕß·ÒëËûÈËδÔÚÖйú×¢²áµÄ³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬ÈÝÒ×µ¼Ö»ìÏýµÄ£¬²»Óè×¢²á²¢½ûֹʹÓ᣾Ͳ»Ïàͬ»òÕß²»ÏàÀàËÆÉÌÆ·ÉêÇë×¢²áµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÊǸ´ÖÆ¡¢Ä¡·Â»òÕß·ÒëËûÈËÒѾÔÚÖйú×¢²áµÄ³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬Îóµ¼¹«ÖÚ£¬ÖÂʹ¸Ã³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÈ˵ÄÀûÒæ¿ÉÄÜÊܵ½Ë𺦵쬲»Óè×¢²á²¢½ûֹʹÓᣡ±¸ù¾Ý¡¶×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨Ôº¹ØÓÚÉóÀíÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÊÚȨȷȨÐÐÕþ°¸¼þÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâµÄÒâ¼û¡·µÚ16ÌõµÄ¹æ¶¨£¬È϶¨Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÊÇ·ñ½üËÆ£¬ÊÇ·ñ´æÔÚ¸´ÖÆ¡¢Ä¡·Â»òÕß·ÒëËûÈËÒÑ×¢²áµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÐÐΪ£¬Òª¿¼ÂÇÏà¹ØÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔºÍÖªÃû¶ÈµÈ£¬½«Æä×÷ΪÊÇ·ñÈÝÒ×µ¼Ö»ìÏýµÄÅжϱê×¼¡£³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÈ϶¨ÊdzöÓÚ±£»¤µÄÐèÒª£¬²»ÊÇÈÙÓþÆÀ±È¡£ÔÚµ±ÊÂÈ˸ù¾ÝÐèÒªÇëÇó³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓý±£»¤Ê±£¬ÐÐÕþ»ú¹ØºÍÈËÃñ·¨ÔºÓ¦×ۺϿ¼ÂÇÔÚÏÈÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÖªÃû¶È¡¢ÔÚÏÈÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔ¡¢ÉÌÆ·µÄ¹ØÁª³Ì¶È¡¢¹«ÖÚÈÏÖªµÈÒòËØ£¬Åж¨ÆäÊÇ·ñ·ûºÏ¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·µÚÊ®ÈýÌõ¹æ¶¨ºó£¬¾ö¶¨ÊÇ·ñ¸øÓè³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓý±£»¤¡£´ÓÒÔÉÏ¿ÉÒÔÍÆ¶Ï³ö£¬Ô½ÊÇÏÔÖøÐÔÇ¿µÄÃû³ÆÔ½ÈÝÒ×Êܵ½³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÇ¿±£»¤£»·´Ö®£¬ÏÔÖøÐÔ½ÏÈõµÄ´óÖÚ»¯µÄÃû³ÆºÜÄÑÅж¨ËûÈËÖ÷¹ÛÉÏÊÇ·ñ¹¹³É¶ñÒâ¸´ÖÆ¡¢Ä¡·Â£¬´Ó¶øºÜÄÑÊܵ½³ÛÃûÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÇ¿±£»¤¡£
Îå¡¢ÏÔÖøÐÔÈÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¸üÀû¹ÜÀí
ÆóÒµÒªÏñ¿´¹ÜºÃ×Ô¼ºµÄº¢×ÓÒ»Ñù¿´¹ÜºÃ×Ô¼ºµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬ÒªÉèÁ¢Ã×À¼ÌåÓý±£¹ÜÔ±ÖÆ¶È£¬½¨Á¢Ã×À¼ÌåÓýµµ°¸£¬³¤ÆÚά»¤ºÃ×Ô¼ºµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÈ¨Òæ¡£¶ÔÏÔÖøÐÔ½ÏÇ¿µÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¸üÈÝÒ××öµ½¼à¿ØÓëά»¤£¬¼°Ê±·ÀÖ¹±»ËûÈË´ò¡°²Á±ßÇò¡±ÏÖÏóµÄ·¢Éú¡£Ïà·´£¬ÏÔÖøÐÔ½ÏÈõµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýËûÈËÔÚÖ÷¹ÛÉÏÒ²ºÜÈÝÒ×Ïëµ½£¬ÈÝÒ׳öÏÖÇɺϡ¢À×Í¬ÖØÃûµÄÏÖÏó¡£µ±³öÏÖÇɺÏÖØÃûʱ£¬²»µÃÈ϶¨ËûÈËÖ÷¹ÛÉϾßÓжñÒâÅʸ½¡£Îª´Ë£¬ÔÚÃ×À¼ÌåÓýȨµÄά»¤ÉÏ£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓýȨÈ˱ØÈ»Òª¼Ó´óάȨµÄ³É±¾£¬²»ÀûÓÚÆóÒµÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÆ·ÅÆµÄάȨ±£»¤Óë¹ÜÀí¡£
×ÛÉÏ£¬ÆóÒµÔÚÉêÇëÃ×À¼ÌåÓý֮ʼ£¬Ñ¡ÔñÒ»¸öÏÔÖøÐÔ½ÏÇ¿µÄÃû³Æ£¬ÎÞÒÉÊÇΪ½«À´µÄÆ·ÅÆ·¢Õ¹Ñ¡ÁËÒ»Á£ºÃÖÖ×Ó£¬ÏàÐÅÆäδÀ´Ò»¶¨×Â׳³É³¤£¬³¤³É²ÎÌì´óÊ÷£¬ÒÙÁ¢ÓÚãóãóÉ̽硣