Ò»¡¢ÎÊÌâµÄÌá³ö
£¨Ò»£©¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾À·×°¸µÄʼĩ
¸£½¨ÎäÒÄɽ¹ú¼Ò¼¶×ÔÈ»±£»¤ÇøÕýɽ²èÒ¶ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾£¨Ï³ÆÕýɽ²èÒ¶¹«Ë¾£©2007Äê3ÔÂ9ÈÕÏòÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¾ÖÉêÇë×¢²á¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±²èÒ¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¡£ÔÚÔÉÌÆÀί¶þ´Î²Ã¶¨¸ÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓý²¢ÓèÒÔ¹«¸æÊ±£¬ÎäÒÄɽÊÐͩľ²èÒ¶ÓÐÏÞ¹«Ë¾£¨Ï³ÆÍ©Ä¾²èÒ¶¹«Ë¾£©ÈÏΪ¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±ÏµÊôÒ»ÖÖºì²èµÄͨÓÃÃû³Æ£¬²»Ó¦»ñµÃ×¢²á£¬×Դ˶þÕß¿ªÊ¼Á˳¤´ïÁùÄêµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¾À·×¡£ÔÚ×îÖÕµÄÅоöÖУ¬¶þÉó·¨ÔºÈÏΪ£¬Éó²éÅжÏËßÕùÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÊÇ·ñÊôÓÚͨÓÃÃû³Æ£¬Ò»°ãÒÔÌá³öÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÉêÇëʱµÄÊÂʵ״̬Ϊ׼¡£Èç¹ûÉêÇëʱ²»ÊôÓÚͨÓÃÃû³Æ£¬µ«ÔÚºË×¼×¢²áʱËßÕùÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÒѾ³ÉΪͨÓÃÃû³ÆµÄ£¬ÈÔÓ¦È϶¨ÆäÊôÓÚ±¾ÉÌÆ·µÄͨÓÃÃû³Æ¡£[1]
£¨¶þ£©´Ó¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾À·×°¸Öз¢ÏÖµÄÎÊÌâ
ÓйØÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¡°µÚ¶þº¬Ò塱µÄʱ¼äÈ϶¨£¬²¢Ã»ÓÐÒ»¸öͳһµÄ±ê×¼£¬¼ÈÓвÉÓá°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±Ò²ÓвÉÓá°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±¡£ËäÈ»Ôڴ˰¸ÖУ¬±±¾©Êи߼¶ÈËÃñ·¨Ôº²ÉÓÃÁË¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±£¬È»¶ø2011Äê3Ô£¬ÔÚ¡°Äª´ú¶û¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾À·×°¸ÖУ¬×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨Ôº²ÉÈ¡µÄÈ´ÊÇ¡°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±£¬ÈÏΪ¸ÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÔÚ×¢²áʱ²¢²»ÊDzúÆ·µÄͨÓÃÃû³Æ£¬Òò´Ë²»Ó¦ÓèÒÔ³·Ïú¡£¿É¼û£¬ÎÒ¹ú¶ÔÓÚ²ÉÓá°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±»¹ÊÇ¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±²¢Ã»ÓÐÃ÷È·µÄÒªÇóºÍÒ»ÖµÄ×ö·¨¡£ËäÈ»¡¶×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨Ôº¹ØÓÚÉóÀíÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÊÚȨȷȨÐÐÕþ°¸¼þÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâµÄÒâ¼û¡·µÚ°ËÌõÖй涨ÁËÏà¹ØÈ϶¨±ê׼Ϊ¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±£¬µ«ÔÚʵ¼ÊÇé¿öÖУ¬¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±ÕæµÄÊÊÓÃÂð£¿
Ê×ÏÈ£¬´Óʱ¼äÉÏÀ´¿´£¬×¢²áÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÈ϶¨ÊÇÒ»¸ö½ÏΪÂþ³¤µÄ¹ý³Ì£¬ÔÚÉêÇëÈËÌá³öÉêÇëºó£¬³ýÁËÆÕͨµÄÉó²é£¬»¹ÓпÉÄÜÐèÒªÃæÁÙÒìÒé¡¢¸´ÉóµÈ¸´ÔÓ¶øÂþ³¤µÄÉó²é³ÌÐò¡£¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾À·×°¸Ê±¼ä³¤´ïÁùÄ꣬ÔÚÕâÁùÄêʱ¼äÀËßËϱ¾ÉíÓÖ»á¸ø¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Õâ¸öÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÃû³Æ´øÀ´Ò»¶¨µÄÆØ¹â£¬Ê¹±¾¾Í±»ËßΪͨÓÃÃû³ÆµÄ¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±µÄÏÔÖøÐÔ¸üÇ¿£¬¼´Ê¹Õâô¶àÄêÒԺ󣬡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±ÖÁ½ñÈÔÈ»¸ü¶àµØ±»×÷Ϊ¾«Æ·ºì²èµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÔÚʹÓ㬶ø·Çijһ¿î²èÒ¶µÄͨÓÃÃû³Æ¡£Èç¹û¶ÔÓÚ´ËÀà°¸¼þ²ÉÓÃÆÀÉóÈÕÔÔò£¬ÊÇ·ñ»áÔì³ÉÓÐÈËͨ¹ý¶ñÒâÆðËߵķ½Ê½£¬Ê¹ËûÈ˵ÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÎÞÐ§ÄØ£¿
Æä´Î£¬¶ÔÓÚÓëÉÏÊöÃ×À¼ÌåÓý°¸¼þ¾À·×ÖеÄԸ洦ÔÚÏàͬµØÎ»µÄ´´Ð´´ÒµÕß¶øÑÔ£¬ÕâÑùµÄÅоöÓпÉÄÜÁîËûÃÇÈËÈË×ÔΣ¡£Ã×À¼ÌåÓý±£»¤µÄÊǾßÌå֪ʶ²úȨ´ú±íµÄÀûÒæ£¬ÔÚÃ×À¼ÌåÓýȱλµÄÊýÄê¼ä£¬¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±»ðÁË£¬µ«Êг¡Ò²ÂÒÁË¡£ÕâÊÇ·¨ÖÆÈ±Î»µÄ×ÔÈ»¾¼ÃµÄ±ØÈ»½á¹û£¡Í¬Ê±£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓý±³ºóÌåÏÖµÄÊÇ´´Ð¾«Éñ¡£ÔÚÒ»ºå¶øÉϸϼ¯Ê½µÄ¸ú·çÖУ¬´ó¼Ò¶Ä¶ÔÁËÊг¡£¬¶ø¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±µÄ´´Ð¾«ÉñÈ´µ´È»ÎÞ´æ¡£[2]Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨ÉèÁ¢µÄÄ¿µÄÖ®Ò»ÊÇΪÁËά»¤Êг¡ÖÈÐò£¬¹ÄÀø´´Òµ´´Ð¡£Õýɽ²èÒ¶¹«Ë¾µÄ´´Ê¼È˽ԪѫÀûÓÃÔ±¾±»ÆÕ±éʹÓõÄÕýɽСÖÖÉϵÄδ±»Ê¹ÓùýµÄѿͷ´´Ð·¢Ã÷³öµÄÒ»¿îȫеľ«Æ·ºì²è£¬È´Ö»ÊÇÓÉÓÚȱ·¦ÁËÒ»¶¨µÄ֪ʶ²úȨÒâʶ£¬Ã»ÓаÑÎÕסÏÈ»ú£¬¾ÍÈÃËûÐÁ¿àÑз¢µÄ½á¹û¸¶Öî¶«Á÷£¬×÷Ϊ´´Ê¼È˶øÃ»ÓÐרÓÃȨ£¬ÕâÑùµÄÏÖʵ¿ÖÅÂÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉÏ»áÈÃÈËÍËÈ´´´Ð¡£
ÔٴΣ¬Õ¾ÔÚÏû·ÑÕßµÄÁ¢³¡ÉÏÀ´¿´£¬¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ò»¿ªÊ¼Ëù´ú±íµÄÊÇÒ»¿îÖÊÁ¿Éϳ˵ľ«Æ·ºì²è£¬ÔÚËü±»³·Ïúºó£¬ºì²èÊг¡Ò»¶È³öÏÖ»ìÂÒ£¬ÎÞÂÛ²èÒ¶ÖÊÁ¿ÈçºÎ£¬¶¼¿ÉÒÔ´òÉÏ¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±µÄ±êÇ©£¬×÷ΪàåÍ·ÒÔÌá¸ßÏúÁ¿£¬Ê¹±¾Îª¾«Æ·ºì²è¶øÀ´µÄÏû·ÑÕßÓпÉÄÜÂòµ½Ãû²»·ûʵµÄÁÓÖʲèÒ¶¡£ÔÙ´Óʵ¼ÊÇé¿öÀ´¿´£¬¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾À·×°¸ÓÚ2013ÄêÖÕÉóÅоöÒÔÀ´£¬¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±ÖÁ½ñÒÀÈ»ÊDZ»×÷Ϊһ¸öÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÔÚʹÓöø·ÇͨÓÃÃû³Æ¡£¶àÄêÀ´£¬¹ØÓÚ¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓýʹÓõÄÌÖÂÛÒ²²ã³ö²»ÇÆäÖÐÓÐÈËÌá³ö¹ý½¨Á¢¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÐí¿ÉʹÓùÜÀíÖÆ¶È¡¢Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÐû´«¡¢¼ÓÇ¿Êг¡¹ÜÀíµÈ·½°¸¡£[3]¿É¼û£¬µ±³õ±»ÈÏΪÊÇͨÓÃÃû³ÆµÄ¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±£¬Êµ¼ÊÉÏÒÀÈ»ÔÚ±»×÷ΪÃ×À¼ÌåÓýʹÓ㬵«´´Ê¼È˱¾ÈËȴʧȥÁËÃ×À¼ÌåÓýרÓÃȨ¡£
¶þ¡¢ÎÊÌâ³öÏÖµÄÔÒò
£¨Ò»£©ÄÚ²¿ÔÒò
Ê×ÏÈ£¬ÎÒ¹ú¶ÔÓÚ¡°Í¨ÓÃÃû³Æ¡±µÄ¶¨ÒåºÍÅж¨·½·¨²»ÇåÎú¡£´Ó¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±°¸ÖÐÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½£¬ÔÚÅжϡ°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±µ½µ×ÊÇ·ñÊÇͨÓÃÃû³ÆÊ±£¬´ÓÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¾ÖÒ»¿ªÊ¼µÄÅж¨£¬µ½ÔÉÌÆÀίµÄ¸´Éó¡¢ÔÙµ½·¨ÔºµÄÒ»Éó¶þÉ󣬼¸´ÎµÄÅжϽá¹û¶¼ÊDz»Í¬µÄ£¬¹é¸ùµ½µ×ÊǶԡ°Í¨ÓÃÃû³Æ¡±Ã»ÓÐÒ»¸ö׼ȷµÄ½âÊͺÍÅжϱê×¼¡£ÀàËÆ¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±¡°Äª´ú¶û¡±µÄ°¸¼þ·´¸´¾À²øÈç´ËÖ®¾Ã£¬ÆÀÉóÅж¨Èç´ËÖ®ÄÑ£¬¾ÍÊÇÒòΪÎÒ¹ú¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·Ã»Óжԡ°Í¨ÓÃÃû³Æ¡±×÷³öÏêϸµÄ¶¨Ò壬ÆäÔÚ·¨ÂÉÉϵÄÒÀ¾ÝÒ²½ö½öÊÇ×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨ÔºµÄ˾·¨½âÊÍÓë¹ú¼ÒÊг¡¼à¶½¹ÜÀí×ֵܾĹ淶ÐÔÎļþËù¸ø³öµÄÔÔòÐÔºÍÄ£ºýÐÔÌõÎĶøÒÑ¡£[4]ÕâÒ»²¿·ÖÄÚÈݵÄȱʧ£¬Ò²ÊÇʹÓÐÈËÆóͼ×ê·¨ÂɵÄ©¶´ÒÔÂú×ã×Ô¼ºË½ÓûµÄÔÒòÖ®Ò»¡£
Æä´Î£¬ÎÒ¹ú¶ÔÓÚÅж¨Ä³Ò»Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÊÇ·ñ±äΪͨÓÃÃû³ÆËù²ÉÓõÄʱ¼ä±ê×¼²¢Ã»ÓÐÃ÷È·µÄ·¨ÂÉÌõ¿îÓèÒԹ涨£¬µ¼ÖÂǰºó°¸ÀýµÄÅж¨±ê×¼²»Í¬¡£
£¨¶þ£©ÍⲿÔÒò
¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ëù´ú±íµÄºì²èÆ·ÖÖÊôÓÚпª·¢³ö²¢ÇÒÔÚÊÐÃæÉÏͻȻÉùÃûȵÆðµÄ¸ßÖÊÁ¿¾«Æ·ºì²è¡£´Ó²èÒ¶Êг¡µÄ²ãÃæÀ´¿´£¬ÉÌÒµ¾ºÕùÄÑÒÔ±ÜÃ⣬ÈËÈ˶¼Ïë½è¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Õâ¸öÕÐÅÆ·ÖÒ»±¸þ£¬²ÉÓá°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±ÎÞÒÉÊǸøÁËÔ¸æÒ»¸ö²»¶Ïʹ±»¸æÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÂÙΪͨÓÃÃû³ÆµÄʱ¼ä»ú»á¡£¼ÓÖ®ÔÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇëÈË×Ô¼ºµÄ֪ʶ²úȨÒâʶµ±¡£¬Ã»ÓÐץס×îÔçµÄ±£»¤×Ô¼ºµÄ´´ÐÂÆ·ÅƵÄʱ»ú¡£Òò´Ë£¬³ýÁË֪ʶ²úȨ·¨ÖÆÉϵÄÍêÉÆ£¬»¹Ó¦¸ÃÖØÊÓÌáÉýȺÖÚ·¨ÖÎÒâʶ¡£
Èý¡¢ÏÖ´æÏà¹ØÎÊÌâ¼°Æä±³¾°Ì½¾¿
£¨Ò»£©½áºÏÅ·ÖÞÏà¹Ø°¸Àý·ÖÎöÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÏÔÖøÐÔÈ϶¨µÄÁ½ÖÖʱ¼ä±ê×¼
ÔÚ2012Äê½Ý¿Ë¹«Ë¾ÉêÇë³·ÏúMad Dogg¹«Ë¾µÄ×¢²áÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¡°SPINNING¡±µÄ¾À·×ÖУ¬Mad Dogg¹«Ë¾ÔøÏòÆÕͨ·¨ÔºÌá³ö£¬ÔÚ³·ÏúÉêÇëÌá³öºó¡¢³·Ïú²Ã¶¨×÷³öǰ£¬¹«Ë¾ÒÑΪ¸Ä±ä¸ÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÔÚÏà¹Ø¹«ÖÚÖеÄÈÏÖª×öÁËһЩŬÁ¦£¬²¢Ö÷ÕÅÏÔÖøÐÔÓÐÎÞÓ¦ÒÔ¡°³·Ïú¾ö¶¨×÷³öµÄʱ¼ä¡±Îª×¼¡£¶Ô´Ë£¬ÆÕͨ·¨ÔºÃ÷È·Ö¸³ö£¬¿¼ÂÇÉæ°¸Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÊÇ·ñÒѾͨÓû¯µÄʱ¼äÓ¦ÊÇÌáÆð³·ÏúÉêÇëµÄʱ¼ä¡£[5]
ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬ÔçÔÚ2001ÄêµÄ¡°Pure Digital¡±°¸ÖУ¬Å·ÃË·¨Ôº¾ÍÒѾָ³ö£¬Í¨¹ýʹÓûñµÃÏÔÖøÐÔµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬Ó¦µ±ÒÔÆäÉêÇëÈÕΪ±ê×¼£¬²»½«ÉêÇëÈÕÖ®ºóµÄ״̬±ä»¯ÄÉÈ뿼ÂÇ·¶Î§¡£×Ô´ËÅ·ÃË»ù±¾È·¶¨ÁËÒÔÉêÇë×¢²áÈÕ×÷ΪÏà¹Ø¾À·×³öÏÖʱµÄÉó²éʱ¼ä±ê×¼¡£
¡°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±µÄÁÓÊÆÔÚÓÚ£¬µ±³öÏÖ¡°Pure Digital¡±ÕâÑùÔÚÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉó²é¹ý³ÌÖÐÏÔÖøÐÔ·¢Éú±ä»¯µÄÇé¿öʱ£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÉêÇëÈËÊÆ±ØÖ»ÄÜÑ¡ÔñÖØÐ½øÐÐÉêÇ룬µ¼ÖÂÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áЧÂʽµµÍ¡£´Óά»¤Êг¡ÖÈÐòµÄЧÂÊÀ´¿´£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÉêÇëÈËÈç¹ûÔÚǰһ´ÎÉêÇë±»²µ»ØºóÔÙ´ÎÌá³öÉêÇ룬ÓÖ»áÑÓ»ºÃ×À¼ÌåÓýȨȡµÃµÄʱ¼ä¡£ÔÚ´ËÆÚ¼ä£¬Êг¡ÉÏ¿ÉÄÜ»á²úÉú¸ü¶àµÄ»ìÏýºÍÎóÈÏ¡£¶ÔÓÚ¸ÃÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÉêÇëÈËÀ´Ëµ£¬Ëƺõ²ÉÓá°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±¸ü¼Ó¹«Æ½¡£
£¨¶þ£©Á½ÖÖʱ¼ä±ê×¼ÔÚÎÒ¹úµÄÊÊÓÃ
´Ó¡°Pure Digital¡±°¸¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬¶ÔÓÚÔÚ×¢²á³ÌÐòÖÐÏÔÖøÐÔ´Ó²»ÄÜ»ñ×¼×¢²áµÄÇ¿¶ÈÌá¸ßµ½ÁË¿ÉÒÔ»ñ×¼×¢²áµÄ³Ì¶ÈµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÀ´Ëµ£¬²ÉÓá°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±¿ÉÄÜ»á¸ü¹«Æ½Ò»Ð©¡£¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±ÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉÏ¿ÉÒÔËõ¶ÌÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇëµÄÕû¸öÁ÷³ÌµÄʱ³¤£¬Ìá¸ßÉó²éЧÂÊ£¬µ«´ÓÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÉêÇë×¢²áÁ÷³ÌÀ´¿´£¬¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±µÄʵ¼Ê²Ù×÷ÓÐÒ»¶¨À§ÄÑ£¬¾ßÌåÖ÷ÒªÔÚÓÚÉó²é»ú¹Ø¶ÔÓÚÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµ±Ç°µÄÏÔÖøÐÔµÄÏà¹Ø²ÄÁÏÉó²éÐèÒª½Ï³¤Ê±¼ä£¬²ÄÁÏÖ¤¾ÝµÄÊÕ¼¯ÕûÀíÒ²ÐèÒªÒ»¶¨µÄʱ¼ä¡£²ÄÁϵÄÌύʱ¼äµ½µ×ÏÞÖÆµ½Ê²Ã´Ê±ºò±È½ÏºÏÊÊ£¿Èç¹û¹ý³¤£¬ÕâÆÚ¼ä²úÉú±ä»¯ÓÖµ±ÈçºÎ£¿Èç¹û¹ý¶Ì£¬Ïà¹ØÖ¤¾Ý¡¢²ÄÁϵÄÊÕ¼¯ºÍÉó²é»á²»»á³öÏÖÒÅ©ºÍÆ«ÆÄ£¿¿É¼ûËæÖ®¶øÀ´µÄÎÊÌâÒ²ÊÇһϵÁеġ£ÁíÍ⣬¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±»¹ÓпÉÄÜÒý·¢Ò»Ð©²»Õýµ±µÄ×¢²áÉêÇëÐÐΪ£¬ÀýÈçÀûÓá°ÕýÔÚÉêÇë×¢²áÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¡±×÷ΪàåÍ·£¬°ïÖúÆäÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÔÚÉó²éÆÚ¼äÔöÇ¿ÏÔÖøÐÔ¡£
´Ó¹«Æ½µÄ½Ç¶ÈÀ´¿´£¬¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±ËäÈ»ÊǶÔÉæ¼°³öÏÖÉÏÊöÇé¿öµÄÉêÇëÈ˸ü¼Ó¹«Æ½£¬µ«¡°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±ÏÔÈ»ÊǶÔÕû¸öÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇëÈËȺÌåºÍÓëÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÏà¹ØµÄÀûº¦¹ØÏµÈ˶¼¸ü¼Ó¹«Æ½ºÍÑϽ÷µÄ±ê×¼¡£ÔÚÑ¡Ôñ²ÉÓúÎÖÖ±ê׼ʱ£¬Ó¦µ±×ÅÖØ¿¼ÂÇÆä¶ÔÕû¸öÏà¹ØÈºÌåµÄÓ°Ï죬±Ï¾¹Èç¹ûÖ»ÔÚÎÄ×Ö¡¢Í¼ÐÎÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄ·¶Î§ÄÚ£¬´Óʵ¼ÊÇé¿öÀ´Ëµ£¬³öÏÖ¡°ÔÚÉó²é¹ý³ÌÖÐÏÔÖøÐÔ·¢Éú±ä»¯¡±µÄÇé¿öÒÀÈ»ÊÇÒ»¸ö¸ÅÂʽÏСµÄʼþ£¬Ö»Óв¿·ÖÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇëÈËÓпÉÄÜ»áÓöµ½£¬¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±¿ÉÄÜÖ»ÊǶÔÕâһС²¿·ÖÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÉêÇëÈËÓÐʵ¼ÊÐÔ×÷ÓúͰïÖú¡£¶øÇÒ¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±ËãÊDZäÏàµØ¸øÁËÉêÇë×¢²áµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔÒ»¸ö¡°¿íÏÞÆÚ¡±£¬ÔÚÒìÒé»ò¸´Éóǰ£¬Èç¹ûÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÏÔÖøÐÔ·¢ÉúÁ˾ö¶¨ÐԵı仯£¬¾ÍÓпÉÄܵ¼ÖÂÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇëµÄ×îÖÕ½á¹û²úÉú±ä»¯£¬»áÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉϽµµÍÌá½»Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇëµÄÃż÷£¬·´¶øÔö¼Ó²»Õýµ±¾ºÕù£¬²»ÀûÓÚά³ÖÊг¡ÖÈÐò¡£
ËÄ¡¢ÓйØÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÈ϶¨µÄ¿´·¨ºÍ½¨Òé
£¨Ò»£©´Ó¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾À·×°¸Öеõ½µÄÆôʾ
ÔçÔÚ2012Äê¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾À·×°¸ÖÕÉóÅоö֮ǰ£¬¾ÍÒѾÓÐÁ˶ԡ°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆµÄÌÖÂÛ£¬ÆäÖÐÓÐÒ»¸ö¹ÛµãÊÇ£¬Í¨¹ýÈÃÕýɽ²èÒ¶¹«Ë¾Í¬Òâ³·ÏúÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇë²¢½«Ö®×ªÈøøÎäÒÄɽµÄ²èÒ¶Ïà¹ØÐ»á»ò×éÖ¯£¬ÓÉËûÃÇÉêÇ뼯ÌåÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¡£µØ·½Õþ¸®½øÐÐе÷»òË«·½´ï³ÉºÍ½â¡ª¡ª¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±³ÉΪÎäÒÄɽÊеÄij¸öлá»ò×éÖ¯µÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬ÓɸÃлá»ò×éÖ¯ÖÆ¶¨±ê×¼£¬¶Ô¾ß±¸Ìõ¼þµÄÆóÒµ»ò¸öÈËÔÚ²èÒ¶ÉÏÐí¿ÉʹÓá°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±Ã×À¼ÌåÓý£¬´Ù½ø¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±µÄ½¡¿µ·¢Õ¹¡£[6]
Æäʵ£¬Ïñ¡°½ð¿¥Ã¼¡±ÕâÑù¾ßÓд´ÐÂÐԺ͸ßÖÊÁ¿²úÆ·»ò·þÎñµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬¿ÉÒÔÀûÓÃÕâÑù·½Ê½À´½â¾ö£¬µ«ÊÇÓ¦¸øÓèÔÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇëÈË£¬ÀàËÆ×¨ÀûÁìÓòµÄ·¢Ã÷ÈËÒ»ÑùµÄȨÀû£¬ÈÃËûÃÇÄܵõ½Ó¦ÓеÄÎïÖʽ±Àø£¬ÏíÊܵ½Ò»¶¨µÄȨÀû¡£
£¨¶þ£©¶ÔÓÚ¡°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±µÄ¿´·¨ºÍ½¨Òé
Õë¶Ô¡°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±´øÀ´µÄÑÓ»ºÃ×À¼ÌåÓýȨȡµÃ¡¢½µµÍÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉó²éЧÂÊÕâÒ»µã£¬ÕýÈçÉÏÎÄ·ÖÎö£¬³öÏÖÌØÊâÇé¿öµÄÖ»ÓÐÉÙ²¿·ÖÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬¶øÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉó²éʱ¼äÂþ³¤¿ÖŲ¢²»ÊǶÌʱ¼äÄÚÄܹ»¸ÄÉÆµÄÎÊÌ⣬ÒòΪÉó²é»ú¹ØµÄÈ·ÐèÒª×ã¹»µÄʱ¼äÈ·ÈÏÉêÇë×¢²áµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýûÓÐÇÖ·¸ÔÚÏÈȨÀû¡¢È·ÈÏÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔÄܹ»±»»ñ×¼×¢²á¡¢È·ÈÏÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄºÏ·¨ÐԺͷǹ¦ÄÜÐԵȣ¬Ã¿Ò»²½¶¼ÐèÒª×Ðϸ½÷É÷È·ÈÏ¡£Òò´Ë£¬¶ÔÓÚ¾ø´ó¶àÊýÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇëÈ˶øÑÔ£¬Õâ¸öµÈ´ýµÄʱ¼ä¶¼Êǹ«Æ½ºÏÀíµÄ¡£Èç¹û²ÉÓá°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±·´¶øÏñÊǸøÁËÓµÓлñµÃÏÔÖøÐÔÇÒÔÚÉó²éÆÚ¼äÏÔÖøÐÔÔöÇ¿µÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÒ»ÖÖÌØÈ¨£¬ÈÝÒ×ʹÈËÀûÓÃÆä©¶´²ÉÓò»µ±ÊÖ¶ÎÒÔ¾¡¿ìͨ¹ýÉó²é¡£
È»¶ø¶ÔÓÚÔÚ´ËÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬µÚÒ»´ÎÉêÇë±»²µ»Ø¶ø²»µÃ²»ÖØÐÂÉêÇëµÄÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬Ò»·½Ã棬¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý¼ÓÇ¿¶ÔÓÐÒ»¶¨ÖªÃû¶ÈºÍÏÔÖøÐÔµÄδע²áÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄ±£»¤À´±£ÕÏËûÃǵÄÈ¨ÒæºÍά³ÖÊг¡ÖÈÐò£»ÁíÒ»·½Ã棬Èç¹ûÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÉêÇëÈËÔÚÉêÇë±»²µ»ØºóÑ¡ÔñÉêÇë²µ»Ø¸´Éó£¬ÈçÔÚÌá½»ÉêÇëʱÄܹ»Ìá½»ÓÐÁ¦µÄÏà¹ØÖ¤Ã÷²ÄÁÏ£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾Ö¿ÉÒÔÒÔ¸´ÉóÉêÇëÈÕËùÌá½»µÄ²ÄÁϽøÐÐÉóºËºÍÅж¨¡£
£¨Èý£©¶ÔÓÚÉêÇë×¢²áµÄÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÏÔÖøÐÔÉó²éÊÊÓõıê×¼
ËäÈ»ÔÚÎÄ×Ö¡¢Í¼ÐÎÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÁìÓòÄÚ£¬³öÏÖ´ËÀàÇé¿öµÄ¿ÉÄܽÏС£¬µ«Èç¹û½«ÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÄÉÈ뿼ÂÇ·¶Î§£¬È·¶¨Ò»¸öÃ÷È·µÄ±ê×¼¾Í·Ç³£ÖØÒªÁË¡£ÒòΪ×Ô2014ÄêÐÂÐÞ¶©µÄ¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·ÊµÊ©ÒÔÀ´£¬ËäÓдóÁ¿ÆóÒµÉêÇë×¢²áÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬µ«ÊÇ×¢²á³É¹¦Âʽϵͣ¬QQµÄ¡°àÖàÖàÖ¡±ÌáÐÑÒôÀú¾ËÄÄê²Å×¢²á³É¹¦¡£¾¿Æä±³ºóµÄÔµÓÉ£¬¿ÉÒÔ·¢ÏÖ×îΪºËÐÄÒ²×îΪ¼¬ÊÖµÄÎÊÌâÔÚÓÚÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔÈ϶¨¡£ÏÔÖøÐÔµÄÈ϶¨ÊǾö¶¨ÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÄÜ·ñ×¢²á³É¹¦µÄÖØÒªÒòËØ£¬²¢ÇÒËæ×Åʱ´úµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬½«À´»áÓÐÔ½À´Ô½¶àµÄÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÉêÇë×¢²á¡£ËùÒÔ£¬¿¼ÂÇ¡°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±¶ÔÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áµÄÓ°ÏìÊǷdz£ÓбØÒªµÄ¡£
ÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓý´ó¶¼Îª·ÇÏÈÌìÐԵġ°»ñµÃÏÔÖøÐÔ¡±£¬ÄÇô»òÐí¿ÉÒÔ¶ÔÓÚÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÔÊÐí²ÉÓÃÓëÆÕͨµÄÎÄ×ÖͼÐÎÃ×À¼ÌåÓý²»Í¬µÄ¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±¡£´ÓÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÉó²éÆÚÏÞÀ´¿´£¬ÕâÑùÎÞÒÉ¿ÉÒÔÌá¸ßÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓý·¶Î§ÄÚµÄÉêÇëÉó²éЧÂÊ£¬µ«ÊÇÓ¦ÓÉÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÉêÇëÈËÖ÷¶¯ÌṩÏÔÖøÐԱ仯µÄÖ¤Ã÷²ÄÁÏ£¬Ã×À¼ÌåÓý¾ÖûÓбØÒªÖ÷¶¯ÎªÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐԱ仯½øÐÐÖ¤Ã÷£¬²¢ÇÒ¿ÉÒÔÔ¼Êø²ÄÁϵÄÌá½»´ÎÊý£¬ÔÚÒ»¶¨³Ì¶ÈÉÏÏÞÖÆ²ÄÁϵÄÌύʱ¼ä£¬Èçµ½ÆÀÉóÈÕǰһ¸öÔ»òÁ½¸öÔ£¬»òÕßÉêÇëÌá³öºóÁù¸öÔµ½Æß¸öÔµȴËÀà½ÏΪ¾ßÌåµÄ±ê×¼£¬±ÜÃâ³öÏÖÃ×À¼ÌåÓý×¢²áÉêÇëÈËΪÁËÌá¸ßÉêÇëͨ¹ýµÄ¿ÉÄܶø·´¸´ÏòÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¾ÖÌá½»²ÄÁÏ£¬Ôö¼ÓÉó²éµÄÒåÎñºÍѹÁ¦¡£Í¬Ê±£¬Ó¦¿¼ÂÇ´æÔÚÓÐÈËÀûÓÃÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼£¬Í¨¹ý¡°ÉêÇëÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¡±µÄ·½Ê½£¬½èÒÔÌá¸ßÆäÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýµÄÏÔÖøÐÔ¡£µ«´Óʵ¼Ê²ãÃæÀ´Ëµ£¬ÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓý²»Í¬ÓÚÎÄ×ÖͼÐÎÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬ËüÊÇ¡°·ÇÊÓ¾õ¡±ÐԵģ¬Í¨³£ÊÇÐèÒªÏû·ÑÕßÖ÷¶¯ñöÌýÇÒ³¤ÆÚÌýµ½²ÅÄÜ´ïµ½ÊìϤµÄ³Ì¶È£¬ÇÒ¸ù¾ÝÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÏÔÖøÐÔÈ϶¨µÄ¡°Óë²úÆ·»ò·þÎñÏà½áºÏÔÔò¡±£¬½öͨ¹ý´ËÖÖ·½Ê½¿ÉÄܲ¢²»ÄÜʹÏû·ÑÕßÊìÖªÏà¹ØµÄÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓýÇÒ½«Ö®ÓëÌØ¶¨µÄÉÌÆ·»ò·þÎñ²úÉúÁªÏµ¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÕâÖÖ·½Ê½¶ÔÓÚÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¶øÑÔ£¬¿ÉÄܲ¢Ã»ÓÐÌá¸ßÏÔÖøÐÔµÄÃ÷ÏÔ°ïÖú¡£
´Ó¸÷·½ÃæÀ´¿´£¬¶ÔÓÚÆÕͨµÄÎÄ×ÖͼÐÎÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬¡°×¢²áÈÕ±ê×¼¡±È·ÊµÊÇÓÅÓÚ¡°ÆÀÉóÈÕ±ê×¼¡±µÄ£¬µ«»¹Ó¦¿¼Âǵ½ÉùÒôÃ×À¼ÌåÓý£¬ÒÔ¼°Ä¿Ç°ÔÝδ±»ÎÒ¹ú·¨ÂÉÔÊÐí×¢²áµÄζ¾õÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¡¢´¥¾õÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¡£Ëæ×Åʱ´úµÄ½ø²½£¬´ËÀà·ÇÊÓ¾õÃ×À¼ÌåÓý¿ÉÄÜÒ²»á±»ÄÉÈëÔÊÐí×¢²áµÄ·¶³ë¡£Ã×À¼ÌåÓýÊг¡µÄδÀ´×¢¶¨»áÔ½À´Ô½·±ÈÙ¡£ÎÒ¹úÔÚ֪ʶ²úȨÁìÓòäĿÕÕ°áÆäËû·¢´ï¹ú¼ÒµÄ±ê×¼ºÍ·¨ÂÉÊDz»¿ÉÐеģ¬ÐèÒª½áºÏÎÒ¹úµÄʵ¼ÊÇé¿ö£¬²»¶ÏÈ·Á¢Ïà¹Ø»ù×¼¡¢ÍêÉÆÏà¹Ø·¨ÂÉ¡£ÏàÐÅÎÒ¹úµÄ¡¶Ã×À¼ÌåÓý·¨¡·£¬ÄËÖÁÕû¸ö֪ʶ²úȨÁìÓòµÄÏà¹Ø·¨Âɶ¼»á²»¶Ï½ø²½£¬Êг¡ÖÈÐò½«¸ü¼ÓÎȶ¨£¬¾¼Ã·¢Õ¹½«¸ü¼Ó¿ìËÙÇÒ˳³©¡£